Gaultheria procumbens

Gaultheria procumbens: Evergreen Charm with Winterberry Glow

Low-growing and full of seasonal interest, Gaultheria procumbens—commonly known as Wintergreen or Teaberry—is a native evergreen groundcover that brings subtle beauty and multi-season appeal to shaded garden spaces. Its glossy, dark green leaves form a tidy mat that turns deep burgundy in cold weather. Small, bell-shaped white flowers bloom in summer, giving way to bright red berries in fall and winter that persist beautifully against snow. Aromatic and long-lived, this plant adds both visual and sensory richness to woodland and naturalistic plantings.

Plant Characteristics:

• Height: 10–15 cm
• Spread: 30–45 cm, slowly spreading by underground rhizomes
• Flower Colour: White to pale pink
• Flowering Period: Mid to late summer
• Foliage: Glossy dark green turning rich burgundy in fall and winter; evergreen
• Sunlight Requirements: Part shade to full shade
• Soil Requirements: Acidic, moist, well-drained, humus-rich soil

Uses and Benefits: Wintergreen is ideal for shaded woodland gardens, native underplantings, and acidic soils where few groundcovers thrive. Its persistent berries and evergreen foliage offer year-round interest, while its low profile makes it perfect for tucking between ferns, perennials, or shrubs. Deer resistant, pollinator friendly, and fragrant when bruised, it adds both function and beauty to the forest floor.

Companion Plants: Pair Gaultheria procumbens with Tiarella cordifolia, whose soft green foliage and spring blooms weave gently through the wintergreen’s glossy leaves. Add Carex pensylvanica to introduce graceful, fine-textured movement and naturalistic groundcover layering. Complete the look with Dryopteris marginalis or Dryopteris carthusiana ('Eastern Wood Fern'), which lend height and deep green contrast in dappled light.

Care Instructions: Plant in part to full shade in consistently moist, acidic, well-drained soil. Water during dry periods, especially in the first season. Mulch with pine needles or leaf litter to maintain moisture and soil acidity. Avoid high-traffic areas, as plants are slow to recover from damage. Minimal pruning or maintenance required beyond occasional thinning if desired.

History: Native to eastern North America, Gaultheria procumbens has long been valued for its aromatic foliage and edible berries. Traditionally used in teas and confections, it remains a cherished groundcover in native, woodland, and naturalistic gardens.

Final Thoughts: With glossy foliage, ruby-red berries, and evergreen reliability, Gaultheria procumbens brings quiet drama and woodland charm to the garden year-round—offering beauty that lingers long after the blooms have faded.